What is the smallest part of an element called?

The smallest part of an element is known as an atom. An atom is the basic unit of a chemical element and consists of a nucleus surrounded by electrons. Each element on the periodic table is made up of atoms that have a specific number of protons in their nuclei, which determines the element's identity. Atoms are the building blocks of matter and can exist independently or combine to form molecules or compounds.

In contrast, a molecule is a group of two or more atoms bonded together, while a compound consists of two or more different elements that are chemically bonded. An ion refers to an atom or molecule that has gained or lost one or more electrons, resulting in a net electrical charge. Understanding these definitions is crucial, as they lay the foundation for studying more complex concepts in chemistry.