Which term describes a state where the rate of the forward reaction equals the rate of the reverse reaction?

The state in which the rate of the forward reaction equals the rate of the reverse reaction is referred to as equilibrium. At this point, the concentrations of reactants and products remain constant over time, indicating that the system is in a balanced state. In chemical systems, equilibrium does not imply that the reactions have stopped; rather, both the forward and reverse reactions continue to occur at equal rates.

A catalyst is a substance that speeds up a chemical reaction without being consumed in the process; it does not define the balance between the forward and reverse reactions. Activation state generally refers to the condition that reactants must achieve to undergo a reaction, while dynamic state, although it can describe systems in motion, is not the specific term used to explain the balance of reaction rates in this context. Thus, equilibrium is the most accurate term to describe this particular state in chemical kinetics.